Vaping vs. Nicotine Replacement Gum or Patchs: What Clinical Studies Show About Heart Health After Quitting Smoking

 

When smokers decide to step away from combustible cigarettes, one of the most important questions is how alternative nicotine delivery methods affect long-term recovery. Specifically, how do the cardiovascular health outcomes of switching 100% to e-cigarettes compare to traditional Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) like patches, gums, or inhalers?

Head-to-head clinical trials—including the landmark VESUVIUS trial published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology—have yielded clear data on what happens to human blood vessels, heart rate, and vascular markers when combustion stops.

Here is what the clinical research shows.

1. Combustion Is the Primary Vascular Enemy

The primary driver of cardiovascular damage, arterial stiffening, and endothelial dysfunction in smokers is combustion. Tobacco smoke delivers carbon monoxide, toxic volatile organic compounds (VOCs), heavy metals, and particulate matter directly into the bloodstream.

Because both 100% vaping and traditional NRT completely eliminate combustion, both groups experience an immediate, identical drop in exhaled carbon monoxide levels to normal non-smoker baselines within 24 to 48 hours.

2. Endothelial Function Recovery (Flow-Mediated Dilation)

Flow-Mediated Dilation (FMD) measures how well blood vessels can widen in response to increased blood flow—a key clinical indicator of vascular health and future cardiovascular risk.

In randomized trials comparing smokers who switched completely to e-cigarettes against those who switched to NRT patches or gums:

• Both groups showed rapid, statistically significant improvements in FMD within 1 to 3 months.

• The rate and degree of endothelial recovery between complete vapers and NRT users were virtually identical.

• The research confirms that removing smoke toxins allows the blood vessel lining (endothelium) to restore nitric oxide production, regardless of whether nicotine is delivered via vapor or transdermal patch.

3. Marker-by-Marker Breakdown

Cardiovascular Outcome	100% Switch to Vaping	Switch to NRT (Patch/Gum)	Clinical Finding
Exhaled Carbon Monoxide	Normalizes in 24–48 hours	Normalizes in 24–48 hours	Equivalent
Flow-Mediated Dilation (%FMD)	Significant improvement	Significant improvement	Equivalent
Microvascular Circulation	Recovery at 3–6 months	Recovery at 3–6 months	Equivalent
24-Hour Average Heart Rate	Lower than smoking baseline	Lower than smoking baseline	Equivalent
Systemic Oxidative Stress	Substantial reduction	Substantial reduction	Equivalent

4. What About Nicotine's Impact on Heart Rate and Blood Pressure?

Nicotine acts as a mild stimulant that temporarily increases heart rate and blood pressure during active use. However, clinical monitoring shows that average 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure and resting heart rate drop in both switchers compared to active smoking baselines.

Removing constant smoke-induced arterial inflammation delivers a net vascular benefit that far outweighs the minor stimulant effect of pure nicotine.

The Takeaway

When evaluating cardiovascular recovery, removing smoke combustion does the heavy lifting.

Whether a smoker transitions 100% to e-cigarettes or uses NRT patches and gums, their blood vessels regain elasticity, carbon monoxide is eliminated, and systemic vascular inflammation drops at nearly identical rates.

Why McDonald's and QuikTrip Fountain Soda Just Hits Different

We’ve all had that moment on a hot afternoon or halfway through a long road trip. You take a sip of fountain Coke or Sprite from McDonald’s or QuikTrip, and it just tastes... better. Crisper, colder, and sharper than anything you pull out of a can or a 2-liter bottle.

It’s easy to write it off as pure nostalgia, but there’s actually a whole lot of temperature control, water chemistry, and mechanical engineering running behind the scenes to make those fountain drinks taste so good. 

 

Here is what is actually going on behind the counter.

The Gold Standard: McDonald's High-End Soda Pipeline

McDonald’s doesn't just hook up a bag of syrup to a dispenser and call it a day. They have a long-standing, specialized relationship with The Coca-Cola Company that allows them to run a unique setup:

 * Stainless Steel Tanks: Most fast-food spots get their soda syrup delivered in plastic bags inside cardboard boxes (known as "bag-in-box"). McDonald’s receives its Coca-Cola syrup delivered in stainless steel tanks. This protects the syrup from light, air, and temperature swings, keeping it noticeably fresher.

 * Heavy Duty Water Filtration: Fountain soda is roughly 85% water. If the tap water tastes off, the drink tastes off. McDonald's runs municipal water through a rigorous multi-stage filtration system before it ever touches the syrup, stripping out chlorine, minerals, and local tap taste.

 * Pre-Chilled Everything: Carbon dioxide dissolves significantly better in freezing-cold liquid. McDonald’s pre-chills both the filtered water and the syrup in insulated lines before mixing them at the fountain. Most restaurants flash-chill at the nozzle, which leads to weaker carbonation.

 * Built-In Ice Melt Calibration: Ice melts, watering down your drink over time. McDonald's accounts for this by setting their syrup-to-water ratio slightly higher so the flavor stays balanced as your cup sits.

 * The Wider Straw: It sounds minor, but their wider straw delivers a larger volume of liquid across your tastebuds all at once, maximizing the impact. 

 

How Does QuikTrip Compare?

If you live near a QuikTrip, you know their fountain setup is legendary in its own right. While QT doesn't use McDonald's custom steel tanks, they dominate through sheer maintenance and water quality.

 * Relentless Line Maintenance: The main culprit behind a bad gas station soda is old syrup buildup or dirty nozzles. QT employs dedicated technicians whose main job is to regularly flush syrup lines, sanitize dispenser heads, and calibrate pressure settings.

 * Massive Filter Banks: QT runs serious multi-stage commercial filtration setups in the back room to ensure every drop of water hitting the fountain—and the ice machines—is totally neutral.

 * Bag-in-Box, but High Turnover: QT uses standard cardboard bag-in-box syrup, but because their foot traffic is so high, syrup boxes are replaced constantly rather than sitting on a shelf getting stale.

The Secret Weapon: Styrofoam & Crushed Ice

If you really want the peak fountain experience, getting it in a Styrofoam cup loaded with crushed ice changes the game entirely.

Styrofoam is an exceptional insulator. It keeps the drink right at 32°F, which prevents the ice from melting and retains that aggressive carbonation bite down to the last sip. Pair that with crushed nugget ice—which super-chills the drink instantly and absorbs the soda like a sponge—and you get flavor-soaked ice crunching along with every drink.

So the next time you swear a drive-thru Coke tastes twice as crisp as the ones in your fridge, you're not crazy. It’s just cold-chain thermodynamics doing its job.

Rescuing Digital8 Tapes on a 2011 iMac: FireWire Setup & Linux Capture Notes

You don't need active converters or powered hubs. All you need is one of the following:

Sony called FireWire "i.LINK", but underneath the branding, it’s standard IEEE 1394. The Sony D8 camcorder uses a tiny 4-pin port (IEEE 1394a), while the 2011 iMac has a standard 9-pin FireWire 800 port (IEEE 1394b).

Every few years, I end up pulling out the old camcorders to digitize another stack of family tapes before magnetics fade or hardware gives up the ghost. If you've tried doing this on modern hardware recently, you know the struggle: stringing together three different dongles (FireWire to Thunderbolt 2 to Thunderbolt 3/4) just to talk to a 20-year-old camera.  Last time I did this I used a failing 2006 Macbook Pro with the R&B channels failing in the LCD, leaving a very yellow cast to the screen. 

Aince then I've inheritied an old 2011 iMac and it looks like it'll be a a total workhorse for tape capture. It's fast enough to handle high-volume storage easily, but old enough to feature a native FireWire 800 port right on the back panel.

Here is a quick note-to-self on the hardware setup and software workflow, specifically how to use dvgrab on Linux for smooth, hands-off capturing. (since I think the first thing I'm going to do is upgrade that machine to Linux! 

1. The Hardware: Connecting i.LINK to FireWire 800

• The Best Option: A direct 4-pin to 9-pin FireWire 400/800 cable. Plug the 4-pin end into the Sony camcorder and the 9-pin end directly into the back of the iMac. Clean and simple.

• The Backup Option: A standard 4-pin to 6-pin FireWire 400 cable paired with a passive FireWire 400 (6-pin female) to FireWire 800 (9-pin male) adapter plug.  (I had a chain of these around somewhere, but they've gone to the hardware fairy)

2. Software Options (macOS vs. Linux)

If you boot the iMac into its native macOS (High Sierra 10.13 being the official cap), you have a few easy GUI choices:

• iMovie 10 or '11: Works seamlessly out of the box. It will detect the Sony deck, let you control playback from your keyboard, and stream the raw DV footage wrapped in .mov files.  This is what I did on the 2006 Macbook Pro.  It worked, mostly.  

• QuickTime Player X: Open File > New Movie Recording, click the little dropdown arrow next to the record button, select your camcorder for Video/Audio, and set quality to High (this preserves raw native DV without re-encoding).

However, since I should be running Linux on the iMac, the CLI tool dvgrab is unmatched for precision and control.

3. Using dvgrab on Linux (Yes, You Have Remote Deck Control!)

A common misconception when using command-line capture tools is thinking you have to manually press play on the camera side. With dvgrab, you don't!

Because FireWire carries AV/C (Audio/Video Control) signals right alongside the data stream, dvgrab can remotely control the Sony camcorder directly through the cable.

Bash

# Interactive Mode: Control the tape drive right from your terminal
dvgrab -i

# Standard split capture with automatic scene detection & timestamps
dvgrab --autosplit --timestamp my_tape_

When you run dvgrab -i, it drops you into an interactive control shell with easy keyboard shortcuts:

• p — Play

• a — Pause / Still frame

• r — Rewind

• f — Fast Forward

• c — Start recording stream to disk

• q — Stop recording / Quit

Hardware Workaround: If the FireWire control board on an aging camcorder gets flaky and stops responding to AV/C commands, pass the -m flag (dvgrab -m my_tape_). This switches to manual mode: dvgrab will sit quietly waiting for data, allowing you to hit Play on the physical camera buttons whenever you're ready.

Genealogy: A Family of Jarls: The Story of Thore the Silent and His Kin

Late last night I was adding a couple of documents to my mom's record in Family Search as I prepared to head off to her interment service today.  I thought I'd see how far back the 'Dean' family name went.  About a thousand years.  To a family living in the Forest of Dean, Gloucestershire, England.  That's 26 generations back.  Curious, I went back a bit farther to see if these forest dwellers came from anywhere interesting. 

Origin of the phrase Dempster Dumpster

I remember my grandfather talking about Dempster Dumpsters in reference to the garbage dumpster. I'd forgotten about it until I was reading a book about World War 2 today, where the phrase was used. It has an interesting origin! 

Dempster 6-cubic yard garbage container from 1940 source

The word "dumpster" originated as a brand name created by combining the surname of inventor George Roby Dempster with the word "dumpster"—a blend of "dump" and the agent suffix "-ster" (similar to teamster or spinster).

The Evolution of the Dempster Dumpster

 * The Invention (1935): George Dempster, a construction company owner and former mayor of Knoxville, Tennessee, patented the Dempster-Dumpster system. His goal was to reduce manual labor at construction sites by creating detachable steel containers that could be loaded at ground level and mechanically lifted onto a specialized truck chassis.

 * Commercialization & Growth (Late 1930s–1940s): Dempster Brothers, Inc. began mass-producing the system. Throughout the 1940s, the company expanded beyond construction into municipal waste management, industrial sites, and military installations during World War II.

 * The Name: In marketing materials and patent filings during this era, Dempster trademarked the name "Dumpster" for the removable bins and called the overall hauling system the Dempster-Dumpster.

 * Genericization (Post-1950s): Over time, the brand name suffered genericization (similar to Kleenex, Velcro, or Band-Aid). The public began referring to any large outdoor waste container as a "dumpster," regardless of whether Dempster Brothers manufactured it.

Fixed! The Unseen Reason Your Bluetooth Headset Audio is Choppy on a Desktop PC

If you just bought a nice Bluetooth headset (like a pair of Shokz) and paired it to your desktop PC, only to get terrible, stuttering audio, you are probably ready to return it. It starts crackling, cutting out, or just goes completely silent the second you lean back in your chair.

It is easy to blame Windows, outdated drivers, or a defective headset. But if your motherboard has built-in Wi-Fi, the real fix is incredibly simple, and you probably threw the solution back into your motherboard's retail box.

The Onboard Bluetooth Myth

When a motherboard boasts "Onboard Wi-Fi and Bluetooth" (like the GIGABYTE X570S Aorus Elite AX), most people assume the hardware is self-contained. Our phones have Bluetooth without any weird external wires, so why wouldn't a premium PC?

Here is the catch: onboard PC Bluetooth modules do not have internal antennas.

The wireless card hidden under your motherboard's metal shield relies entirely on the gold terminals on the back of your PC to send and receive signals.

 

Why Does It Work a Little Bit Without It?

Without the antenna, your PC's Bluetooth range drops to about a foot. If your computer is sitting on the floor or even on your desk, your body or the metal case will completely block the signal.

This is why the headset pairs fine, but the audio immediately goes to garbage when you actually try to use it.

The golden rule here is that your Wi-Fi antenna is also your Bluetooth antenna. Even if you use a wired Ethernet cable and never touch Wi-Fi, you still have to plug in that antenna to get a usable Bluetooth signal.

The Quick Fix

To fix this, you just need to do three quick things:

1. Find your motherboard box and pull out the external antenna (the GIGABYTE one looks like a little plastic fin with two wires).

2. Screw the two gold connectors into the back of your PC's I/O panel until they are finger-tight.

3. Place the antenna somewhere high with a clear line of sight. Since it has a magnetic base, sticking it on top of your PC case works perfectly.

Once it is plugged in, the audio stutters should disappear completely and you will finally get the range you expected.

Tested working all across the house just like it should! 

Make a Pond at Shawnee Mission Park with a Trailcam?

 Oh hai!  What six months since I posted?

 

So, news first. August 9th helped my daughter to unfsck her vintage Honda Accord.  Catalytic heat shield fell off and was dragging on the highway.  Laid down, jacked the car up a bit reached out and banged the metal off the frame. No immediate issues, eh?

Well a day or two later, shooting pain from the hip to the heel on the left leg.  Sciatica. 

It's now one full month and I've got 500 steps, or 4 minutes standing before I have to pop a squat to reset the nerves.  Gah.

 Well, we can still plan for the future!

This post on X (Twitter for us OG's) shows a guy making a pond in a desolate area of a nature preserve, then filming the animals that come!
 

 

The man made a small puddle in the forest and observed the creatures that came to drink. 🙏👏 pic.twitter.com/ZgZkg7GA4Q

— March (@MarchUnofficial) April 8, 2025

 

SO, Shawnee Mission Park has a large unused area that has limited camping and no maintained trails - an ideal place to put a pond and trail cam!  Comment your suggestions for a good HD trail cam with IR night vision!